July 11th is observed as the world population every year to create awareness on the rising issues of population. It took hundreds and thousands of years for the world population to grow to 1 billion. Then just in another 200 years, it grew seven-fold. In the year 2011, the global population reached 7 billion, and today, it stands at about 7.7 billion, and it’s expected to grow to around 8.5 billion by 2030, 9.7 billion by 2050, and 10.9 billion by the year 2100.

This dramatic growth has been driven higher by increasing numbers of people surviving to the reproductive age and has been accompanied by many changes in fertility rates, accelerating migration, and increasing urbanization. These trends will have far-reaching implications for future generations.

The recent past has seen numerous changes in fertility rates and life expectancy. During the early 1970s, women had 4 to 5 children each on average. By the year 2015, the total fertility rate for the world had fallen to below 2 to 5 children per woman. At the same time, on average, global lifespans have raised from 64.6 years (in the early 1990s) to 72.6 years (in 2019).

In addition to these issues, the world is also seeing high levels of urbanization and accelerating migration. 2007 was the first year in which many people lived in urban areas than in rural areas, and by 2050 almost 66 percent of the world population will be living in cities and urban areas.

These trends may have far-reaching implications in the coming future and they affect economic development, employment, income distribution, poverty, and social protections. They also may affect efforts to ensure universal access to health care, education, housing, sanitation, water, food, and energy. To address the needs of individuals, policymakers must understand how many people are living on the planet, where they are, how old they are, and how many people will come after them.

By these means, we can understand how the population is increasing and can bring out the measures to solve future problems.